Non-specific Low Back Pain

Guest editor: Diego Fernández Lázaro, Department of Cellular Biology, Genetic, Histology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valladolid, Soria, Spain; Co-guest editor: Jesus Seco-Calvo, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León.

Non-specific low back pain (LBP) is a common worldwide disorder that significantly impacts productivity, ability to work, and quality of life. As it primarily affects individuals of working age, it is among the leading causes of sick leave and early retirement, with associated economic losses that may reach up to 2% of the gross domestic product in some countries. In addition, LBP treatment usually requires a multidisciplinary approach in which the concept of precision medicine and the adoption of innovative technologies, both related to conservative and surgical strategies, are profoundly revolutionizing the field. 

In the new era of personalized medical care, the interest in patient-tailored LBP treatment continues to increase. According to the latest reports, LBP care cannot be based solely on generalized guidelines and protocols but must carefully consider all contributing factors, including occupational, psychosocial, and systemic determinants. Furthermore, the forced sedentary lifestyle and change in work conditions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic have further reshaped this condition's treatment while also proposing new methods to deliver continuous care (e.g., telemedicine). 

The present Special Issue offers a unique opportunity to update many of the recent advances and perspectives of this critical health problem. We kindly renew the invitation to submit high-quality research papers on the following topics: prevalence and epidemiological data, etiology, prevention, assessment and treatment approaches, and health promotion strategies for LBP. We particularly welcome new insights into the use of innovative technologies, including artificial intelligence, telemedicine, robotic and navigated surgery, and biosensors in lumbar spine disorders. Articles with substantial implications for practice and high translational potential are particularly well received. 

We invite all experts in the field—both clinicians and researchers—to submit their manuscript for consideration in this Special Issue. Papers may differ from literature reviews (systematic reviews and meta-analyses) to original research (clinical trials, cohort studies, experimental lab work, case-control studies).

Keywords: low back pain, personalized medical care, conservative treatment, physical therapy, physical activity, sedentary worker, telemedicine, e-health

Submission deadline: November 30, 2024

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Translating Lifestyle-Intervention Efficacy Trials into Real-World Studies for Type 2 Diabetes Prevention and Management through Implementation Science

Despite two decades of diabetes prevention efforts through lifestyle interventions, effectively translating these initiatives into the wider community remains challenging. Unfortunately, few real-world studies have offered adequate information to accurately assess the overall impact of such programs. Consequently, the usefulness of many diabetes prevention trials in guiding resource allocation and real-world implementation is diminished. It is clear that more rigorous methods, particularly those employing implementation science, are necessary to gain a better understanding of the factors influencing the likely success of these interventions. 

In response to this challenge, we welcome submissions from authors conducting research on real-world lifestyle intervention studies among adults with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes, utilizing implementation science methodologies.

Keywords: type 2 diabetes; prediabetes; implementation science; diabetes prevention; lifestyle interventions

Submission deadline: December 31, 2024

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Navigating the landscape of prostate cancer: a journey from diagnosis to advanced disease

Guest editor: Juan Gómez Rivas, Urology Consultant, Clinico San Carlos Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Co-guest editor: Jesús Moreno Sierra,  Chair of the department, Clinico San Carlos Hospital, Madrid, Spain.

 Prostate cancer, a multifaceted and often intricate journey for both patients and healthcare providers, encompasses a spectrum from initial diagnosis to the challenges presented by advanced stages of the disease. In this special issue, we delve into the various facets of prostate cancer, exploring the diagnostic landscape and the evolving strategies for managing advanced disease.

The cornerstone of effectively managing prostate cancer lies in its early detection. The traditional reliance on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening has been both a boon and a source of debate within the medical community. Acknowledging the complexities and controversies surrounding PSA testing, advancements in diagnostic techniques, such as multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and the need for additional biomarkers have emerged as powerful tools for refining risk stratification and guiding biopsy decisions.

As we traverse the continuum of prostate cancer care, the journey extends beyond initial diagnosis to the advanced disease. With advancements in treatment modalities, including targeted therapies, the landscape of managing advanced prostate cancer is evolving. Understanding the interplay between genetics, molecular markers, and the tumor microenvironment is crucial for tailoring effective therapeutic strategies.

To navigate the complexities of prostate cancer comprehensively, collaboration across disciplines is imperative. Urologists, oncologists, radiologists, nuclear medicine specialist, pathologists, and researchers must work in concert to optimize diagnostic accuracy, treatment efficacy, and patient outcomes.

Keywords: prostate cancer, diagnosis, advanced disease, screening, MRI, targeted therapies, genetics, urological oncology

Submission deadline: July, 2024

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Innovations in wound healing

Guest editor: Thomas E. Serena,  SerenaGroup Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA

Millions of patients worldwide suffer from nonhealing wounds: an unappreciated epidemic that afflicts the vulnerable, poor, elderly, minority, and diabetic populations. The burgeoning specialty of wound care needs evidenced-based guidance on the treatment and prevention of nonhealing wounds and postoperative skin and tissue infections. This special edition, Innovations in Wound Healing, aims to highlight advances in the field including diagnostics, novel treatments and prevention strategies, consistent protocol design, standardized endpoints for clinical trials, guidance documents and the latest in interventions. We candidly invite and encourage researchers and clinicians to contribute to this special issue.

Keywords: chronic wounds, diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers, bacterial burden, pressure ulcers, diagnostics, diabetes, surgical site infection, fluorescence imaging, biomarkers

Submission deadline: October 31, 2024

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Artificial intelligence in medicine

Guest editor: Joaquim Carreras,  Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai University, Kanagawa, Japan

Diverse forms and levels of intelligence manifest in humans, numerous animals, and certain machines. Artificial intelligence (AI) harnesses datasets and computer science to address issues, offer forecasts, and carry out categorizations. AI involves subfields like machine learning and deep learning. This special issue focuses on AI's role in medical applications, including disease screening, diagnosis, personalized medicine, medical imaging, drug clinical trials, healthcare, and drug design. We welcome research contributions that explore the application of AI in medicine.

Keywords: histopathology, molecular pathology, immuno-oncology, immune microenvironment, neoplasia, immune-related diseases

Submission deadline: July, 2024

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Surgical innovation: outcomes assessment of minimally invasive treatments of urological malignancies

Guest editor: Andrea Mari, Oncologic Minimally Invasive Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Co-guest editor: Zhenjie Wu, Department of Urology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China; Co-guest editor: Andrea Minervini, Department of Oncologic, Minimally-Invasive Urology and Andrology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Italy

This special issue aims to provide an exhaustive examination of the outcomes associated with minimally invasive surgical interventions in the treatment of urological malignancies. The focus is on delineating the various innovative techniques currently in practice, and critically assessing their impact on patient outcomes, recovery trajectories, and potential complications.

We delve into the specifics of robotic-assisted surgery, laparoscopic procedures, and other advanced techniques, comparing their efficacy and safety profiles to those of conventional open surgeries. The discussions extend to the nuances of pre-operative preparation, intra-operative challenges, and postoperative care specific to urological cancers, with a keen eye on how minimally invasive approaches may alter these paradigms.

Contributions to this issue will cover a broad spectrum of urological malignancies, including but not limited to prostate, bladder, and kidney cancers. Each article will shed light on the unique aspects of treating these diverse conditions with minimally invasive strategies, drawing from clinical data, patient-reported outcomes, and expert opinions.

Furthermore, this issue will address the learning curve associated with adopting these novel surgical techniques, exploring how training, experience, and institutional support play critical roles in determining patient outcomes. The goal is to foster an environment of transparency and knowledge sharing, aiding surgeons and healthcare providers in making informed decisions about incorporating minimally invasive innovations into their practice.

By bringing together a collection of in-depth analyses, case studies, and review articles, this special issue aims to serve as a comprehensive resource for surgeons, oncologists, and medical professionals committed to advancing patient care in the realm of urological oncology through surgical innovation.

Keywords: urology, urologic oncology, minimally invasive surgery, robotics, laparoscopy, patient outcomes, surgical innovation, learning curve, training, postoperative care

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Biofilm formation in healthcare: strategies for prevention and eradication

Guest editor: Vinay Kumar, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio-43210, USA

Biofilms are a natural component of the human body's surfaces, including the skin and mucosal linings of the respiratory and digestive systems. While biofilm production can have some beneficial consequences akin to commensal organisms, in most instances, biofilms are associated with infections, particularly in cases of chronic wounds and cystic fibrosis. Biofilms serve as protective shields for microorganisms against the host's immune system, allowing them to establish themselves and sustain chronicity, while also enhancing antibiotic tolerance. As the prevalence of biofilm-related issues has increased, research into their formation, toxicity, and strategies for combatting them has gained prominence in the fields of infectious biology and medicine. Recognizing the growing significance of this research domain, we cordially invite all researchers to submit original research articles, reviews, or concise viewpoints on any subject relevant to biofilm research for this Special Issue. Contributions in the following areas (but not limited to) are encouraged: Biofilm Formation and Regulation, Biofilm's Impact on Disease Pathogenesis, Prevention and Elimination of Biofilms, Targets for the Treatment of Biofilms, Other Pertinent Aspects of Biofilm Research.

Keywords: biofilms, infectious biology, microorganisms, immunology, human health

Submission deadline: September, 2024

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Esophageal measurements: high resolution manometry, timed barium swallow, EndoFLIP and pH monitoring

Guest editor: Amir Mari, Gastroenterology Department, Nazareth Hospital, Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed 16100N, Israel

Esophageal symptoms are prevalent in the general population with affecting life quality. The symptoms include, dysphagia, reflux symptoms, non- cardiac chest pain and others. Principally, the clinical approach to manage UGI symptoms initiate with the exclusion of mucosal or mechanical disorders, by performing endoscopy and/or imaging. When organic diseases are excluded, physiological testing might aid to better understand the origin of the symptoms and indeed improve management. High resolution manometry (HRM) has become the gold standard modality for the evaluation of esophageal and the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) functions. The HRM system has allowed a more precise assessment of esophageal and lower esophageal sphincter functions. Moreover, the endoluminal functional lumen imaging probe (EndoFLIP) has been developed as a modern technology used to measure obstructions at the esophageo-gastric junction level by evaluating its distensibility as well as to measure secondary esophageal peristalsis. Advances in fluoroscopy, such as the timed barium swallow protocol, has further added to the diagnostic capability when evaluating a patient with esophageal symptoms. Ph monitoring (catheter based or wireless capsule) are modern modalities to diagnose gastro-esophageal reflux (GERD). The last decade has witnessed significant advancements in diagnostic tools and technologies used for the better assessment of gastrointestinal function and motility. In concert with the abovementioned, we have established this special issue to spot light and make a room for publications from this rapidly evolving field.

Keywords: esophageal symptoms, peristalsis, HRM, pH monitoring, endoflip, barium swallow, GERD, dysphagia

Submission deadline: May, 2024

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Clinical and anatomical perspectives of aesthetic procedures

Guest editor: Kyuho Yi , Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Co-guest editor: Michael James Kim , Aeon Medical and Aesthetic Centre, Singapore

In recent decades, the utilization of energy-based devices, fillers, toxins, and threads for aesthetic intentions has seen a significant increase, becoming a common practice in clinical settings. Nonetheless, there remains a dearth of precise information regarding appropriate injection techniques and anatomical considerations. While these clinical procedures, both in therapeutic and cosmetic contexts, have gained popularity, there is a notable lack of comprehensive understanding, leading to the documentation of various adverse effects. The underlying causes of these undesirable outcomes are attributed not solely to improper injection methods but also to an inadequate grasp of the relevant anatomy, contributing to inconsistent clinical results. This Special Issue aims to provide comprehensive guidelines for both anatomical accuracy and aesthetic goals, ensuring safe and effective treatments. The publication will evaluate the most up-to-date insights from anatomical research, aiding in the identification of optimal approaches for applications. Additionally, the integration of clinically guided methodologies, such as ultrasonography, along with novel injection techniques utilizing diverse equipment, is encouraged and embraced.

Keywords: fillers, energy-based devices, aesthetics, cosmetics, anatomy, ultrasonography, botulinum neurotoxin, thread lifting

Submission deadline: December, 2024

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Dermatopathology in 2023-2024: acquired certainties, current debates and future prospects

Guest editor: Gerardo Cazzato, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy

Dermatopathology encompasses a wide spectrum of pathologies that require continuous updates and a deep understanding of emerging entities. In this regard, we invite professionals from the field to contribute their expertise to advance our collective knowledge in this captivating and intricate branch of human pathology. We welcome submissions in the following categories: case reports, case series, original articles, reviews, letters to the editor, comments/communications. While all contributions are highly appreciated, we encourage submissions that explore the following critical areas (but are not limited to): Cutaneous Melanocytic Diseases, Lymphoproliferative Disorders, Inflammatory Skin Conditions, Accumulation Disorders, Vasculopathic Conditions, Granulomatous Afflictions, Superficial Soft Tissue Pathologies, Histiocytic Diseases.

Keywords: skin neoplasms, inflammatory diseases, dermatosis, genodermatosis, histiocytosis, accumulation, vasculopathy, thrombosis, soft tissue

Submission deadline: September 30, 2024

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Challenges in dental public health

Guest editor: Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimarães de Abreu, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Co-guest editor: Renata Castro Martins, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Co-guest editor: Alex Junio Silva Cruz, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

Dental Public Health is a field that centers on the management of oral diseases and the promotion of health through community-based initiatives. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 50% of the global population is afflicted by various oral diseases. Challenges pertaining to accessibility and funding plague oral health services, demanding substantial governmental attention.
The WHO's oral health strategy is geared towards attaining comprehensive oral health coverage for all individuals by 2030. Consequently, numerous challenges lie ahead for the upcoming years. These challenges encompass a spectrum of public health actions, spanning upstream, midstream, and downstream efforts, with a pronounced focus on the initial stages.
It is imperative for dental professionals to equip themselves with the requisite skills to excel in this domain. Researchers are encouraged to share their valuable experiences and best practices to this Special Issue, shedding light on effective practices and insights. The original epidemiological and health services research that could translate the knowledge into dental public health actions to overcome challenges in this area is welcome to this section.

Keywords: dental public health; public health dentistry; translational research

Submission deadline: May, 2024

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Advanced cardiac and pulmonary diseases – above and beyond

Guest editor: Prasanth Balasubramanian, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; Co-guest editor: Adrija Hajra, Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 32224, USA

Advanced or end-stage cardiac and pulmonary diseases have been rapidly progressing in terms of pharmacotherapy, mechanical support devices, and transplant with improvement in outcomes using techniques including precision medicine, machine learning, etc.
This Special Issue welcomes original researches, clinical trials, observational studies, reviews (systematic and/or meta-analysis), or translational research studies that focus on recent advances in the diagnosis and management of advanced or end-stage cardiac and/or pulmonary diseases including the use of bioinnovations, pharmacotherapeutics, transplantation, precision medicine, and/or artificial intelligence.

Keywords: end-stage cardiac diseases, pulmonary diseases, bio-innovation, pharmacotherapeutics, transplantation, precision medicine, artifical intelligence in healthcare

Submission deadline: May, 2024

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Stem cells, materials (synthetic and natural), growth factors in craniofacial tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Guest editor: Ahmed Hussain, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry - Dentistry Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Co-guest editor: Hamid Tebyaniyan, Department of Science and Research, Islimic Azade University, Tehran, Iran

Tissue engineering combines the principles of materials and cell transplantation to develop substitute tissues and/or promote endogenous regeneration. Tissue engineering involves the use of a tissue scaffold for the formation of new viable tissue for a medical purpose. Tissue engineering is an important field of regenerative medicine for tissue repair. Tissue engineering covers a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.).

Biomaterials play an important role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. As a result of these materials, cells can attach, proliferate, migrate, and differentiate externally. Additionally, they can act as a carrier matrix for loading and delivering different bioactive compounds, including herbal extracts. A scaffold's design, as well as the selection of loaded bioactive molecules, play an important role in determining its success in tissue engineering. Around the world, plants and herbs have long played an important role in traditional medicine. A variety of phytochemicals are found in them, including phenols, alkaloids, terpenes, and even functional phytohormones. Herbal extracts modulate the immune response and prevent microbial infection by incorporating them into biomaterials.
This Special Issue encourages more research on the materials, stem cells, and growth factors used in craniofacial regenerative medicine. We welcome original research articles (in vitro, and in vivo), review articles and case report in advanced materials (synthetic and natural) and their communications with growth factors/cells/stem cells in craniofacial tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

The topics of the submitted papers may include, but are not limited to:
• the fundamentals of cells, stem cells and progenitor cells and their expansion to viable numbers coupled with an understanding of their differentiation, the utilisation of bioreactors for three dimensional culture and studies of phenotypic changes, particularly in stem and progenitor cells, both short and long term, in vitro and in vivo
• The development of new biomaterials and processing of scaffolds (biomaterials and tissue engineering including polymeric biomaterials, metallic biomaterials, ceramic biomaterials, composites, biomimetics, biomolecular assembly, nanobiomaterials, synthesis, characterization, chemical, physical, mechanical, biological and toxicological properties); the use of different types of cells (mainly stem and progenitor cells) and their culture in specific bioreactors; studies in relevant in vitro and in vivo
• Biosystems, including biomedical modeling; cell and tissue engineering for repair medicine; biomeasurements, including biosignal processing and biosensing systems; artificial and hybrid (bioartificial) organs

Keywords: tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, stem cell therapy, microbiology

Submission deadline: July, 2024

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Recent advancements in neuroimaging

Guest editor: Daniel Thomas Ginat, Department of Radiology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA

Diagnostic radiology plays an important role in the assessment of many neurological and head and neck diseases. This special issue is devoted to novel approaches related to neuroimaging, including advances in contrast agents, recently introduced MRI sequences and techniques, spectral micro–X-ray CT, radiomics, and artificial intelligence. The implementation of these modalities for facilitating the diagnosis of various conditions, including oncologic, neurodegenerative, vascular disorders can be discussed. Original research, technical notes, and review articles describing topics that are either in a translation phase, for imaging specimens, or are already used clinically are suitable and illustrative examples will be included.

Keywords: neuroimaging, MRI, CT, contrast, scans, radiomics, and artificial intelligence

Submission deadline: April, 2024

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Application of motor imagery and action observation in clinical practice

Guest editor: Ferran Cuenca-Martínez, Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

Motor imagery (MI) and action observation (AO) training are two sensorimotor training tools that have the capacity to elicit neurophysiological activation of brain areas involved in planning and adjusting voluntary movement in a similar way to when the action is actually performed. Both MI and AO techniques have been extensively studied and applied to the improvement of some clinical variables of interest (such as functionality, gait, or balance), especially in neurological patients. However, in other clinical populations, such as musculoskeletal patients, respiratory patients or patients with cardiovascular problems, the scientific literature on the impact of these movement representation techniques on these patients is currently growing. In this special issue, we welcome manuscripts that describe the impact of MI and AO training on any type of patient. This is to evaluate their clinical effect and thus enable researchers to continue studying these interesting tools from cognitive neuroscience, but with a clinical perspective. 

Keywords: motor imagery, action observation, rehabilitation, neuroscience, movement representation techniques, clinical practice

Submission deadline: April, 2024

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Therapy-resistance in cancer

Guest editor: Sanchita Rauth, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Co-guest editor: Prakash G. Kshirsagar, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. It is important to understand cancer pathogenesis, particularly how genetic, epigenetic, and protein alterations reprogram tumor cells to drive tumorigenesis. Furthermore, it is crucial to determine the novel molecular players in cancer cells that are responsible to develop multi-drug resistance and lead to treatment failures in cancer patients. The standard treatment options for cancers include surgery, chemotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy. Despite the advancement in treatment, many cancer patients do not get any beneficial effect due to intrinsic or acquired therapy-resistance. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of molecular perturbations and pathways involved in oncogenesis, integrated stress response, post-translational modifications, and post-transcriptional regulations in tumorigenesis will enhance the treatment approaches and will improve the favorable prognosis of cancer patients.

Keywords: cancer biology, therapy-resistance in cancer, molecular biology, cell signaling, cancer therapy

Submission deadline: April, 2024

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Innovative approaches to target cell death signaling in cancer

Guest editor: Yutian Zou, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, China

Cell death can occur in two distinct ways depending on the triggering mechanism. Accidental cell death (ACD) is an uncontrolled biological process, while programmed cell death (PCD) involves intricate regulations and encompasses various mechanisms. PCD has a significant impact on cancer development and progression. Extensive research has been conducted on PCD-related therapies and mechanisms in the context of human disease, with potential applications to other conditions as well. In recent decades, several key types of PCD have been identified, each characterized by distinct cell death signaling pathways such as apoptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, netotic cell death, entotic cell death, lysosome-dependent cell death, parthanatos, autophagy-dependent cell death, oxeiptosis, alkaliptosis, and disulfidptosis. Individually or in combination, PCD contributes to various pathological processes in cancer. For decades, PCD has been recognized as playing a fundamental role in the development and metastasis of malignant tumors. Malignant tumor cells cannot progress without overcoming different forms of cell death. Considering this, targeting PCD presents a promising approach for the development of novel therapeutic strategies, including pharmaceutical discovery and stem cell-based therapy, for the treatment of cancer.

Keywords: programmed cell death, cancer, autophagy, disulfidptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis

Submission deadline: April, 2024

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Vaccination of pediatric patients with immune-mediated diseases

Guest editor: Mikhail Kostik, Department of Hospital Pediatrics, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia 2, Litovskaya St., Saint Petersburg 194100, Russia

Patients with immune-mediated diseases are at increased risk of infections, related to immune dysfunction, as a base of underlying disease and applying of immunosuppressive drugs. Increased risk of infection associated with disease activity, malnutrition, surgical interventions, and concomitant chronic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, atopic dermatitis, asthma, and others are additional factors of high susceptibility to infections Immune suppressors and biologic therapy can control inflammatory activity in many patients with immune-mediated diseases. Infections are the most common complications associated with biological treatment and immune suppressors. Vaccination is a well-known and effective tool, which allows for reducing the frequency and severity of infectious episodes, and indirectly might reduce the risks of disease flare and failure to achieve remission, and significantly improve disease course and outcomes. This research topic is devoted to theoretical and practical experience of vaccinations of immune mediated pediatric and adult diseases. The original manuscripts, review manuscripts and cases reports are welcome to this section. Reports about vaccine-controlled infections in immune-mediated cases, as well unusual vaccine-associated reaction and vaccine-associated adverse events case reports are also encouraged.

Keywords: pediatric rheumatology; juvenile idiopathic arthritis; systemic lupus erythematosus; immunocompromised chidlren; vaccination of children with immune-mediated diseases

Submission deadline: March, 2024

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Recent advancements in urogenital malignancies

Guest editor: Makito Miyake, Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan

Urogenital malignancies emcompass urothelial cancer, renal cell carcinoma, prostate cancer, testicular cancer, and other types of malignancies arising from retroperitoneal organs. Some of these malignancies are highly lethal, while others exhibit indolent behavior, thereby justifying the acceptability of active surveillance. There are still unsolved problems in early diagnosis, treatment selection, and precision medicine in this field. The upcoming Special Issue delves into numerous pivotal facets that enable urologists to comprehend recent advancements in the clinical and biological attributes of these malignancies. This includes early diagnosis, prediction of treatment efficacy, and risk factors that are significant to clinical management for urogenital malignancies.

The sub-topics covered in this Special Issue are:
1. Morbidity risk factors.
2. Non-invasive detection biomarkers (focusing early detection is preferred): strengths and weaknesses
3. Novel DNA, RNA, Protein biomarkers.
4. Novel radiographic markers.
5. Histological variants and their clinical impact.
6. Predictors of treatment responses
7. Precision medicine.
8. Immunotherapy including immune check point inhibitors.
9. Decreasing morbidity risk, recurrence risk, and progression risk.
10. Upstaging in surgical specimens: gap between clinical stage and pathological stage.
11. Interpretation of cancer screening trials such as PSA screening in prostate cancer and urianalysis screening for bladder cancer

The insights shared are poised to drive advancements in early detection, treatment strategies, and patient care, benefiting researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals alike.

Keywords: renal cell cancer, urothelial cancer, prostate cancer, testicular cancer, retroperitoneal sarcoma precision medicine, risk stratification model cancer screening, biomarkers, cancer epidemiology

Submission deadline: March, 2024

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An update on the treatment and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination among vulnerable populations

Guest editor: Ravindra P. Veeranna, Xavier University School of Medicine, Santa Helenastraat #23, Oranjestad, Aruba

The treatment and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination have played a pivotal role in the battle against the ongoing pandemic. However, certain populations, such as the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, organ transplant recipients, and individuals with comorbidities, face unique challenges. These challenges arise from their distinctive immunological profiles, potential reduced vaccine response, and heightened susceptibility to severe COVID-19.

In this special issue, we invite the submission of clinical, research, and review articles that discuss recent advancements in COVID-19 treatment options. These options encompass monoclonal antibodies, antiviral therapies (including those derived from natural sources), and the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in these high-risk groups. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of vaccine efficacy and employing appropriate treatment approaches is crucial for optimizing outcomes in these vulnerable populations.

Keywords: COVID-19, antiviral therapy, vaccines, efficacy, high-risk individuals

Submission deadline: September 30, 2024

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Nanomaterials for integration of cancer therapy and diagnosis

Guest editor: Lili Feng, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; co-guest editor: Bin Liu, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China

Cancer, often referred to as malignant tumors, has become a leading cause of death worldwide. Currently, the primary clinical methods for cancer treatment involve chemotherapy, surgical resection, and radiotherapy. However, these treatments frequently impose significant pain and financial burden on patients during the treatment process.

Thanks to advancements in nanotechnology, a multitude of nanomaterials with versatile properties, adjustable physical and chemical characteristics, and excellent biocompatibility have been synthesized and utilized in bioimaging, drug delivery, and diverse cancer therapies. Furthermore, achieving precise early diagnosis and implementing efficient therapeutic strategies are crucial aspects in ensuring a favorable prognosis for individuals afflicted with any form of cancer.

We encourage the submission of relevant research articles, communications, and reviews for this special issue, focusing on the design and application of nanomaterials in integrating cancer therapy and diagnosis. Contributions addressing this topic will be highly appreciated.

Keywords: nanomaterials, cancer, integration, diagnosis, therapy, multifunctional nature, tunable physical and chemical properties, biocompatibility

Submission deadline: January 31, 2024

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Implant design and biomaterials to maintain bundle bone

Guest editor: José Luis Calvo Guirado, Faculty of Health Sciences, Research Department. Universidad Autónoma de Chile. Chile

Dental implant treatments can be short, simple, beneficial, and highly predictable. But in some cases, treatment possibilities are limited because of individual patients’ physical characteristics – bone density, bone quality or bone height. Implant macrogeometry must reduce the stress on the bone surrounding the implant and stimulate bone remodeling. Surface characteristics also have a significant influence on marginal bone loss. Regarding implant length, while research has mainly focused on conventional implants, several systematic reviews and clinical studies have reported that shorter dental implants are comparable to those of standard length. So, this issue will assess how certain implant features (cells, surfaces, design, etc.) can influence treatment outcomes among completely and partially edentulous patients rehabilitated with implant-supported fixed prostheses. It is my pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript for this Special Issue. Full papers, communications, and reviews are all welcome.

Keywords: dental implants, tooth grafts, tooth grind, implants surface, zirconia implants, biomaterials

Submission deadline: December 2023

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The role of growth factors in the regenerative endodontics

Guest editor: Izaz Shaik, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, United States

Regenerative endodontics is an innovative technique used to treat pulp necrosis in developing permanent teeth. It entails employing tissue engineering methods to regenerate the pulp-dentin complex in the root canal system. The recruitment and development of stem cells in the periapical region are crucial for the success of regenerative endodontics. 

The main growth factors used in regenerative endodontics include Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP), Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), and Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF). These growth factors regulate various cellular functions such as migration, proliferation,differentiation, and apoptosis of cell types that play an essential role in dentin-pulp regeneration. 

Further research is warranted to determine whether growth factor delivery alone, without cell transplantation, can produce pulp-dentin-like tissues in vivo. This could provide a feasible pathway for regenerative endodontics. We encourage submissions in this field to consolidate our knowledge on the efficacy of numerous growth factors, both known and anticipated, in dental pulp-dentin regeneration.

Keywords: evidence based dentistry; dental anomalies; dental anthropology; regenerative endodontics; sealers; endodontic material sciences

Submission deadline: January 31, 2024

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Factors that influence the axis between glucose metabolism and diet

Guest editor: Kei Nakajima, Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University

The metabolism of glucose is undoubtedly affected by dietary intake. However, it's important to note that this relationship can be influenced by various individual factors. These factors include age, smoking and alcohol consumption habits, meal timing, fasting, and sleep duration. As society becomes increasingly diverse, it's likely that the relationship between glucose metabolism and diet will continue to evolve in the future.

In order to achieve optimal glucose control in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, as well as those with impaired glucose metabolism and obesity, it's imperative that healthcare providers take these individual factors into consideration during treatment. Therefore, we strongly encourage articles that explore these complex issues in greater detail.

We welcome review articles that cover diabetes and diets on any of the aforementioned topics. By shedding light on the intricacies of the relationship between glucose metabolism and diet, we can improve treatment strategies and outcomes for patients.

Keywords: glucose metabolism, diabetes, diet, lifestyles

Submission deadline: November 30, 2023

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Alleviation of metabolic, immune, gastrointestinal, ophthalmic, oral, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases by regulating microbiota

Guest editor: Yongbo Kang, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China

Summary

The microbiota plays a crucial role in the occurrence and progression of various diseases such as metabolic, immune, gastrointestinal, ophthalmic, oral, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases. Targeting the microbiota to prevent these diseases is an appealing approach due to its high safety profile and low risk of severe adverse effects, which can be achieved through various methods such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), antibiotics, traditional Chinese medicine, and others. Some studies have shown that regulating the microbiota can alleviate these diseases, but further research is needed to understand the mechanism of microbiota regulation in treating these diseases and to identify the most appropriate treatment methods.

The objective of this special issue is to establish a platform for advancing research on the use of various treatments such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), antibiotics, traditional Chinese medicine, and others in treating a range of diseases including metabolic, immune, gastrointestinal, ophthalmic, oral, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases.

The special issue will focus on the following areas:
(1) Understanding the mechanisms by which microbiota alleviate metabolic, immune, gastrointestinal, ophthalmic, oral, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases, with a particular emphasis on key pathways such as bacterial dysbiosis, leaky gut, bacterial metabolites, and microorganism-related molecular patterns.
(2) Developing biomarkers for the early detection of metabolic, immune, gastrointestinal, ophthalmic, oral, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases using microbiota.
(3) Investigating the effects and mechanisms of regulating microbiota in the treatment of metabolic, immune, gastrointestinal, ophthalmic, oral, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases.
(4) Examining the relationship between microbiota and the efficacy of certain drugs used to treat metabolic, immune, gastrointestinal, ophthalmic, oral, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases.

Keywords: microbiota, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), antibiotics, metabolic diseases

Submission deadline: March 1, 2024

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Recent advances in hemodynamic monitoring

Guest editor: Syed A. A. Rizvi, Biomedical Sciences, Larkin University, Miami, Florida, United States

Summary

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a prevalent condition in all age groups regardless of gender. Patients with early-stage CVD exhibit vascular damage such as endothelial dysfunction, arterial wall stiffening, and loss of vascular elasticity. These manifestations often go undetected during a routine clinical evaluation in the primary care setting that is exclusively based on brachial (peripheral) blood pressure measurement and biochemical test results. Furthermore, costly and more invasive tests such as carotid ultrasound, echocardiogram, coronary CT scan, and angiogram are generally not indicated in asymptomatic patients. This leads to a delay in the diagnosis of asymptomatic atherosclerosis, which in turn accelerates disease progression. Invasive methods utilized in central hemodynamic monitoring, such as pulmonary artery catheter and arterial line, are usually used in patients needing emergency or intensive care to continuously monitor their blood pressure and cardiac function. Therefore, there is a medical need to identify and validate noninvasive markers of cardiovascular function that are sensitive enough for the early identification of impaired vascular function during the subclinical phase. Routine measurement of noninvasive parameters during regular check-ups is beneficial for early diagnosis and could assist the clinicians in formulating the least invasive therapeutic approach for their patients. This special issue features research and review articles on various aspects of noninvasive central hemodynamic measurements such as epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV), flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and glyceryl trinitrate-induced dilation (GNT-induced dilation). 

We welcome articles reporting on the development, validation, and clinical application of new instruments and biomarkers for hemodynamic measurements.

Keywords: cardiovascular disease, central hemodynamic monitoring, peripheral blood pressure measurement, noninvasive aortic hemodynamic parameters, personalized treatment

submission deadline: December 31, 2023 

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Applied biomaterials in oral surgery and personalized dentistry

Guest editors: Gaetano Isola, Simona Santonocito, Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

Summary

The development of new biocompatible materials and/or existing material composition and progressing techniques is expected to broaden the diversity of applications of biomaterials in dentistry field in upcoming years. The progress in materials research clearly requires an improved understanding in multiple disciplines, as well as the development of new design methodologies in order to obtain better properties in biologic performance and better biocompatibility. The objectives of all these biomaterials and technologies not only are to replace missing or damaged tooth tissues but are also now to promote tissue regeneration and also prevent healthy tooth tissue. Comprehension of recent advances in biomaterial of dentistry would lead to appropriate applications of these biomaterials in clinical cases and successful strategies to improve dental treatment outcomes to better serve patients. It is important to choose most appropriate material for the regeneration of the tooth structure via biomimetic processes. In other words, to choose the appropriate dental materials and its successful clinical use directly affect treatment outcome and long term results. The biomaterials and technologies are not only replacing missing or damaged tissues but also promoting the tissue regeneration. In this special issue, some researches related to application techniques in dentistry will analyzed and updated. Specific areas of current research activity are discussed and some of the required technical advances highlighted. We especially welcome interventional studies aiming at improving the knowledge of the imaging functional biomaterials and technologies in dentistry. Review studies including those that use conceptual frameworks on any of the aforementioned topics will also be welcomed.

Key words: applied dentistry, periodontology, oral surgery, orthodontics, Temporomandibular joint, quality of life, teeth, biomaterials, software, bone, periodontal ligament, periodontal medicine, dental materials, oral medicine

Submission deadline: August 30, 2023

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Reproductive toxicity in males and females: Cellular and molecular mechanisms

Guest editors: M. Mehdi Ommati, Shanxi Agricultural University, China; Socorro Retana-Márquez, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Mexico

Summary

Humans are exposed to various xenobiotics (environmental, nutritional, lifestyle factors and diseases) during their prenatal, postnatal, pubertal, and maturity development, which leads to reproductive failure or sub- or infertility. Therefore, most chemicals are considered environmental endocrine disruptors compounds (EDCs). Some of the EDCs to which the organisms are exposed include heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, arsenic, and other toxic elements such as bisphenol-A, fluoride, pesticides, and other environmental toxins. Moreover, nanoparticle exposure alters germ and somatic cells, thus affecting fertility. Therefore, this special issue focuses on the study of the cellular and molecular mechanism by which these classes of toxins induce reproductive toxicity in humans. Manuscripts dealing with animals will not be considered unless those were used as models (such as livestock, mammalian laboratory animals, amphibians, fish, and insects) to study human diseases or conditions. Using animal models to assess the toxic effects is crucial in studying these effects by several experimental approaches to analyze the molecular mechanisms involved in the reproductive disruption caused by chemicals in human body. We will publish research covering all disciplines relevant to human reproductive health and toxicity. Submissions that feature original research (clinical trials, translational research, in vivo research), different types of reviews, and well-elaborated medical hypotheses will be considered.

Keywords: reproduction, toxicity, xenobiotics, environmental endocrine disruptors, males, females, infertility, cellular, molecular

Submission deadline: May 1, 2023

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Updates on management of neurotrauma

Guest editors: Brandon Lucke-Wold, Daisy Valle, University of Florida, United States

Summary

Neurocritical care is a rapidly emerging specialty in the field of neurology and neurological surgery with a focal point on the evaluation and treatment of severe neurological and neurosurgical disease. Specifically, the management of neurotrauma as a component of neurocritical care has garnered attention due to the advent of technological breakthroughs and advanced neurosurgical techniques. Importantly, neurocritical care has allowed physicians to employ a multidisciplinary approach through the inclusion of pharmacological principles and infectious disease medicine. As such, this special edition seeks contributions in the form of articles and reviews relevant to recent updates enacted on the standard care of neurotrauma. The focus of these studies will encompass novel diagnostic tools, pharmaceutical therapies, surgical interventions, rehabilitation standards, and finally will address future directions. We invite authors of all fields to provide their contributions for this special issue.

Keywords: neurotrauma, neurocritical care, neurosurgery, management, treatment, therapy, intervention, multidisciplinary

Submission deadline: July 1, 2023

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Innovative solutions for regenerative medicine applications with clinical relevance

Guest editor: Roberto Gramignoli, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Summary

This third decade of the new millennium has forced all of us to face urgent needs in clinical practice, but it may optimistically also turn into a golden time in regenerative medicine. Researchers have been ignited to explore and translate innovative solutions in healthcare and biotech enterprises. Regenerative medicine is a fast-growing branch of translational research, with the purpose of restoring the structure and function of damaged tissues or organs, generating new technology for biotherapeutics and bio-engineered approaches. A multitude of advanced therapy medicinal products proposed during recent years has been slowly but dramatically transforming the health care system, harnessing the power of repairing, replacing, restoring, and regenerating human organs and tissues affected by various degenerative disorders and diseases.
In somatic tissues as well as perinatal tissues, different types of stem and progenitor cells have been identified, mainly involved in maintaining homeostasis and supporting innate capacity to regenerate. Such (pluri/multi) potent cells have been used in both autologous and allogeneic clinic settings. Scientists and clinical innovators in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering are nowadays exploiting such multi-potency as well as immunomodulatory properties characteristic in such stem and progenitor cells to restore and maintain normal function in diseased and injured tissues.
This Special Issue seeks research papers on various aspects related to the emerging field of precision medicine, and clinical research, covering different aspects of the basics of translational research, regenerative medicine, and personalized treatments.

Keywords: regenerative medicine; ATMP; immunomodulatory; transplantation; bioengineering; clinical research; cell therapy; personalized treatments

Submission deadline: November 30, 2023

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Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn

Guest editors: Enrico Lopriore, Department of Neonatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; E.J.T. (Joanne) Verweij, Department of Obstetrics, Leiden University Medical Centre, the Netherlands

Summary

Hemolytic disease of the fetus/newborn (HDFN) results from maternal alloimmunization to red cell antigens, for which mother and fetus are incompatible. In HDFN, maternal immunoglobulin (IgG) antibodies cross the placenta causing destruction of fetal red blood cells and fetal anemia. Antenatal treatment with intrauterine transfusion may be required in case of severe fetal anemia or fetal hydrops. Postnatal management is based on intensive phototherapy and exchange transfusion in case of excessive hyperbilirubinemia. Unconjugated bilirubin may pass through the blood-brain barrier and lead to permanent brain damage due to kernicterus. During the last decades a significant evolution in treatment strategies has occurred and new management options have led to a remarkable decrease in perinatal mortality and morbidity. Nevertheless, several questions remain unanswered and there is still room for improvement. This special edition will include important reviews and articles focusing on pathogenesis, diagnosis, management and outcome in HDFN, and also address future perspectives.

Keywords: hemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn; red blood cell alloimmunization, rhesus hemolytic disease

Submission deadline: December 31, 2023

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Otolaryngology: clinical outcomes, management, and challenges

Guest editor: Dr. Ignazio La Mantia, University of Catania, Italy

Summary

Otorhinolaryngology was established in the late 19th and early 20th century as a unified specialization that deals with medical conditions of the head and neck. It has seen dramatic development in the past decades along with technical innovations.

This Special Issue aims to offer readers and colleagues the latest trends, modern diagnostic tools, treatment modalities, and beyond in the otorhinolaryngologic fields. With the perspective of precision medicine and a multidisciplinary approach, this Special Issue aims to describe not only the challenges in otorhinolaryngological diagnostics and surgical managements but also to provide useful models and tools for personalized therapeutic strategies in clinical practice.

Given the very broad yet very specialized nature of otorhinolaryngology, we invite researchers and experts from all subspeciliazations to contribute to this special issue.

Keywords: otolaryngology; endoscopy; otorinolaryngologists; otoneurosurgery; rhinology; laryngological; multidisciplinary

Submission deadline: December 31, 2023

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Regenerative medicine in head and neck: clinical and basic science perspectives

Guest editor: Prof. Petros D. Karkos,  Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; 1^st Department of Otolaryngology, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece

Regenerative medicine (RM) has been rapidly evolving in many directions and fields of medicine. Tissue engineering gives the opportunity to rectify abnormalities by using scaffolds that simulate the normal structure and function of many organs and tissues. The field of Head and Neck is large including paramount functions such as breathing, hearing, balance, voice and swallowing, facial expressing and aesthetics. The diversity of the cells and tissues concerning all those vital functions makes RM very challenging in the field of otorhinolaryngology, facial plastics, dermatology and maxillofacial surgery. 

We invite authors from all the specialties above to submit to this special issue.

Submission deadline: October 31, 2023

Contact the guest editor for more information